A baeulovirus, originally discovered in malaysia, attacks both the larval and adult stages of oryctes rhinoceros l. Efficacy of ecofriendly management against rhinoceros beetle. This beautiful 12page booklet includes challenging vocabulary puzzles and a twopage comic about frankie barker and coconut rhinoceros beetle. Breeding and damage on oil palms in an oil palm to oil palm replanting situation. The asiatic rhinoceros beetle, coconut rhinoceros beetle or coconut palm rhinoceros beetle, oryctes rhinoceros is a species of rhinoceros beetle of the family scarabaeidae. Oryctes rhinoceros is native to asia, between india and indonesia. Hyphomycetes for biocontrol of the rhinoceros beetle, oryctes rhinoceros scarabaeidae, in oil palm.
According to the eradication program operations chief, roland quitugua, damage to coconut trees that can be seen now occurred about six months ago, before the fungus was introduced, and residents of guam should soon notice a reduction in the number of newly damaged trees. The coconut rhinoceros beetle crb, oryctes rhinoceros, has been attacking coconut trees on guam since it was first discovered on the island in 2007 and has proven to be voracious and tenacious. Complete genome sequence of oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus isolated from coconut rhinoceros beetle in solomon islands publication date. The damage can significantly reduce coconut production and kill the tree. This was raised at the coconut rhinoceros beetle committee crbc, a. Coconut rhinoceros beetle by ruth toumua, edited by prof randy thaman waka story books, institute of education, the university of the south pacific, 2015 acknowledgements. Aug 18, 2011 rhinoceros beetle is mainly a pest of coconut and oil palms. The virus, which attacks only rhinoceros beetles, typically reduces damage caused by coconut rhinoceros beetles by up to 90 percent. The term coconut or the archaic cocoanut can refer to the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which botanically is a drupe, not a nut. The species which has invaded guam is oryctes rhinoceros. The use of oryctes virus for control of rhinoceros beetle. The term is derived from the 16thcentury portuguese and spanish word coco, meaning head or skull after the. Coconut rhinoceros beetle diy pesticide wand extender brochure. The coconut rhinoceros beetle population of guam is now on the decline.
Control and management of rhinoceros beetle menace in coconut paadi pantalu duration. Palms are damaged when adult beetles bore into the crowns of palms to feed on sap. Jul 07, 2015 the virus, which attacks only rhinoceros beetles, typically reduces damage caused by coconut rhinoceros beetles by up to 90 percent, and population suppression lasts indefinitely, moore stated. The rhinoceros beetle is aptly named because it has horns on its head, very much like the rhinoceros does. Management of rhinoceros beetle menace in coconut the hindu. It is a major pest of palms in the palaus, fiji, tonga, wallis, nukunono tokelaus, american. The silver bullet, though, is a biological control like the virus that saved the coconuts plantations of fiji, samoa and tonga 60 years ago, when another variety of rhinoceros beetle destroyed. Giant coconut rhino beetle invades hawaii mnn mother. As a general rule, we offer a maximum of 250 copies of activity books and field guides per year per institution. Hinckley1 the coconut rhinoceros beetle, oryctes rhinoceros l. Coconut rhinoceros beetle threatens palm trees and solomon. You may mix and match to reach this amount but you must get a minimum of 25 copies of each booklet. Scara baeidae, is one of the most important pests of coconut and oil palms in south and southeast asia ho and toh, 1982.
The adults bore into crowns of coconut, oil palm, betel nut, and other palm species, as well as pseudostems of bananas photo 1. A novel virus pathogenic to the beetle, originally designated as rhabdionvirus oryctes and later oryctes virus, was isolated from malaysia and introduced into samoa in 1963. Throughout this distribution, the coconut rhinoceros beetle is most closely associated with its preferred host plant, cocos nucifera l. Honolulu another live adult coconut rhinoceros beetle crb has been found outside of the known infestation area on oahu. Fact sheet coconut rhinoceros beetle melanesian 057. The beetles are hard to control, and techniques such as pheromone trapping, biological control, or sniffer dogs have been ineffective or expensive. Singh, 1987 and 102 incorporation of dry leaf powder of weed. Since the initial find, survey specialists have detected additional adults in traps in the same area. Biological control of the rhinoceros beetle oryctes. Apr 18, 2016 in solomon islands the coconut rhinoceros beetle crb, oryctes rhinoceros, was discovered in honiara in january 2015. Coconut rhinoceros beetle is one of three nonfiction picture books published in the waka story books biodiversity series. Coconut rhinoceros beetle biosecurity solomon islands. The outbreak is focussed in residential areas of honiara but symptoms have been reported in palms several kilometres east and west of honiara. Coconut rhinoceros beetle oryctes rhinoceros regulatory status.
Mar 19, 2015 control and management of rhinoceros beetle menace in coconut paadi pantalu duration. The rhinoceros beetle or rhino beetle belongs to the subfamily dynastinae and is part of the family of scarab beetles scarabaeidae rhinoceros beetles are among the largest of beetles in the world. Wet look coconut fibers caused by adult boring active adult boring hole thru petiole visited guam in sept 20 because of a serious crb threat to hi. Coconut rhino beetle, a growing threat pacific islands. Coconut rhinoceros beetle crb damage symptoms in guam vshape cut on open fronds. It attacks coconut palms by boring into the crowns or tops of the tree where it damages growing tissue and feeds on tree sap. Sep 18, 2017 an adult male coconut rhinoceros beetle. Trees cut down at pearl harbor to fight coconut rhinoceros beetle. Underside of adult coconut rhinoceros beetle, oryctes rhinoceros, to show the fuzzy group of hairs at the rear end of the female left compared to the male right. Palms are damaged when adult beetles bore into the crowns of palms to feed on. Since then, these shoeshine black, miniature invaders have spread to all parts of the island and are laying waste to the local coconut.
Trees cut down at pearl harbor to fight coconut rhinoceros beetle duration. Jan 24, 2018 coconut rhinoceros beetle by ruth toumua, edited by prof randy thaman waka story books, institute of education, the university of the south pacific, 2015 acknowledgements. There is a growing threat for the coconut and palm tree industry if the spread of the coconut rhinoceros beetle intensifies and remains untreated. The coconut rhinoceros beetle crb is a species of scarab beetle belonging to the subfamily dynastinae which contains over 300 species of rhinoceros beetles distributed throughout the world. Associates of the coconut rhinoceros beetle in western samoa by alden d. This technique prevents the beetle from inflicting damage on other palms gressit 1953 cited in waterhouse et al. Most are black, gray, or greenish in color, and some are covered in soft hairs.
Since then, these shoeshine black, miniature invaders have spread to all parts of the island and are laying waste to the local coconut and oil. The main hosts are coconut, oil palm and betel nut, but the beetle is also found on banana, sugarcane and wild palms. Dec 05, 2016 the coconut rhinoceros beetle is an invasive pest thats devastating palm trees by boring into the crowns of the palms to feed on sap, thus killing the trees. They identified two breeding sites in compost piles located at golf courses on the base. The beetles damage palms by boring into the centre of the crown, injuring the young growing tissues and feed on the exuded sap. Coconut rhinoceros beetle on guam an update the plantwise. The rhinoceros beetle oryctes rhinoceros was accidentally introduced into samoa in 1909 from where it spread to many islands in the southwest pacific. With particular reference to the palan islands bernice p. It is a smallformat picture book with text on one side and photographs on the other, and it is full of fascinating facts about coconut rhinoceros beetles, such as.
The coconut tree cocos nucifera is a member of the palm tree family and the only known living species of the genus cocos. Pdf aggregation pheromone of coconut rhinoceros beetle. Palau islands 56, philippines 162, or other causes. Coconut rhinoceros beetle activity book advanced american. Oryctes rhinoceros is a major pest of coconut and oil palm, but the discovery and release of oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus ornv in the 1960s and 70s. This beautiful 12page booklet includes coloring pages and a twopage comic about frankie barker and the coconut rhinoceros beetle. Already the impacts are visible and felt by farms through the destruction of coconut and palm oil trees in guadalcanal.
Rhinoceros beetle is mainly a pest of coconut and oil palms. Wikimedia commons as if hawaii didnt have enough invasive species to deal with, a giant tree. Common names coconut rhinoceros beetle, coconut beetle. Adults can cause extensive damage to economically important wild and plantation palms. The other two titles are about chickens and house cats. The coconut rhinoceros beetle, is a major pest of coconut palm, oil palm and other palm species. Rhinoceros beetles are herbivorous insects named for the hornlike projections on and around the males heads. A delimiting survey was carried out and plans made for the introduction of the fungus metarhizium anisoplae and baculovirus oryctes. The coconut rhinoceros beetle, oryctes rhinoceros l. Our complete annotated genome sequence of a newly found isolate in solomon islands provides a valuable resource to help elucidate the mechanisms that compromise the efficacy of ornv as a biocontrol agent against the coconut rhinoceros beetle.
The coconut rhinoceros beetle is an invasive pest thats devastating palm trees by boring into the crowns of the palms to feed on sap, thus killing the trees. Department of agriculture coconut rhinoceros beetle. Similar to mechanical pruning damage to unopened fronds active adult boring hole in petiole. Damage to coconuts is considerable, especially up to 5 years old. Biological control of the rhinoceros beetle oryctes rhinoceros in the south pacific by baculovirus. Option 2 was filling the innermost two leaf axils with 4 no. Coconut rhino beetles gnawing at guams image usa today. Another name given to some of these insects is the hercules beetle, because they possess a strength of herculean proportion. Jul 17, 2008 things that are being done to stop the spread of the rhino beetle on guam.
The coconut rhinoceros beetle oryctes rhinoceros was first detected in hawaii in december 20. Emmy engasser, hawaiian scarab id, usda aphis itp, 10 years ago the coconut rhinoceros beetle crb was first discovered on the western pacific island of guam. Oryctes rhinoceros an overview sciencedirect topics. Efficacy of ecofriendly management against rhinoceros.
Mar 30, 2012 the coconut rhinoceros beetle population of guam is now on the decline. There are several rhino beetles that attack coconut palms. The outbreak is focussed in residential areas of honiara but symptoms have been reported in palms several kilometres. The use of oryctes virus for control of rhinoceros beetle in. A traditional approach to coconut rhinoceros beetle control, practiced in the pacific, was for climbers to use barbed spears to extract the beetles from their feeding tunnels. Rhinoceros beetles are among the largest of beetles in the world. In december 20, an adult coconut rhinoceros beetle crb was trapped in a pest survey trap at joint base pearl harborhickam in honolulu, oahu, hawaii.
Coconut rhinoceros beetle behavior and biology brochure. Mar 11, 2018 the silver bullet, though, is a biological control like the virus that saved the coconuts plantations of fiji, samoa and tonga 60 years ago, when another variety of rhinoceros beetle destroyed. Watch the following videos created by kapolei high schools hurricane films and outside hawaii oc16 in partnership with the malama learning center. Hawaii invasive species council coconut rhinoceros beetle. I would like to thank don long, dr ruth toumua and stephen fong for their valuable assistance with the tongan leg of my picture book journey.
One of the most successful case studies on the introduction and establishment of a microbial control agent is the virus of the coconut rhinoceros beetle, oryctes rhinoceros huger, 2005. Yesterday afternoon, crb crews found a live female beetle in a survey trap near mililani south of the leilehua golf course. The coconut rhinoceros beetle crb, oryctes rhinoceros, was discovered in honiara in january 2015. Wikimedia commons as if hawaii didnt have enough invasive species to deal with, a giant treekilling beetle from southeast asia may now be. Efficacy of naphthalene balls in the control of rhinoceros beetle attacks in coconut. Rhinoceros beetle, orycts rhinoceros rhinoceros beetle figure 4. The rhinoceros beetle or rhino beetle belongs to the subfamily dynastinae and is part of the family of scarab beetles scarabaeidae.
Descriptive study of damage caused by the rhinoceros. Things that are being done to stop the spread of the rhino beetle on guam. The grub or larva of a coconut rhinoceros beetle, oryctes rhinoceros, infected by the fungus metarhizium. We hunted for the invasive coconut rhinoceros beetle and other critters, told spooky stories, spoke with mad scientists, learned to garden sustainably, and tasted ono food made from coconut. Hawaii injurious wildlife, hdoa pest for control har 69a prevention and control category. This is several miles north of where crb have been previously found on oahu. Complete genome sequence of oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus. Help stop the spread of the coconut rhino beetle on guam. A novel method to control rhinoceros beetle, oryctes rhinoceros l.
1458 827 467 618 1378 1498 220 346 984 1269 156 831 143 150 435 702 1494 231 1436 373 1529 1126 1147 846 174 474 858 434 609 627 617 614 784 966 1031